Pump



ay l 927 T. D. cLEAGE ET AL 1630256 PUMP Filed Jan. 2J., 1924 Cc JR. MURRAY A mi; An/J Patented Mayv 31, 1927; l

UNITED T -SA THOMAS D. CLEAGE, OF sr. LOUIS; rrssoum, AND WASHINGTON s. SMITH AND .mamsv n. MURRAY, or TULSA, OKLAHOMA.

Application mea January 211'924. 'senat No. 687,499.

This invention relates generally to pumps, and particularly to a pump which is intended for use in forcing Oil or other liquids from below the ground-In pumping oil from below the ground much difficulty is occasioned by the presence inthe ground of sand or other gritty substances, said sand acting on the pump parts ,in a manner to causesaid pump parts to be ground and cut, thereby necessitating the frequent pulling ofthe rods vof the pump to renew said inJured parts. Prior to this invention most pumps for pumping oil from the' ground were provided with cups which were formed of a flexible material, such as leather, and hence susceptible of'being cut by sand in I the oil.A In the operation of these pumps it was necessary to periodically Withdraw the plun er of the puni from the casing thereof for t e purpose o replacing the cut cups, and of course this periodical pulling of the pump plungers resulted in quite a loss to the operators for the reason thatit necessitated the cessation of operation so far as that particular pump was concerned. The pump disclosed in the present application is so constructed that it is not necessary to provide said pump with the-flexible cups mentioned, all of the parts of the pump. with which the oil comes into contact being formed of metal.

. Another object of Our` invention is to/produce a pump which is provided with a sediment pocket. The sand or 'other grittysubstances in the oil Will be deposited in this sedimentv pocket and will be periodically agitated by the plunger of the pump, Where- ,I by said sand or other gritty substances will be carried through thepump with the oil and will net be permitted to gather in a mass and` thus' clog the working lparts of the pump. i

In addition to the objectionable leather cups mentioned7 above, the pumps heretofore used were not providedfwith any means for preventing the formation of a gypsum In the pumps formerly used, gypsum in the oil would forma hard crust on the inside of the pump, which hard crust would cut and tear the packing material which wasv employed to prevent leakage of oil around the plunger. The pump disclosed herein is provided with polishing members inated.

plunger and keep said Aplu/nger smooth and free'from encrusted gypsum at all times,

whereby Another object of -this invention is to provide a pump. of the type disclosed herein with packing members which will retain their proper shapes when the plunger of the pump has been withdrawn from the the objections mentioned are elimn of parts hereinafter more specifically described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein isi shown the preferred embodiment of the invention. However, it is to be understood thatjhe invention comprehendsgchanges, variations and modifications Which come within the scope of the ,Y

claims hereunto appended.

F igI is a vertical section of our improved pump, the upper and lower end portions thereof being broken away. f

Fig. II is avview partly in vertical section and partlyin side elevation, showing l the plunger of the pump in a raised` posi-' ofthe pump` tion, the lower portion only being illustrated in this'view. 1

i Flg. III is an enlarged vertical ,section of a fragment of our improved pump shovv-l inpthe packing chamber thereof.

ig. IV is an enlarged vertical section showin the sediment pocket thereof.

yFi ."v line -V of Fig. IV.

Fi ,VI is a planview polis ing members.

Fig. VII is a plan' view of one of our said outer casing being provided with in-v ternal screw threads at'the upper and lower ends thereof. 2 designates a coupling memof one of our .90 of the lower portion of our improved pump v 'I Vis an "enlarged vcross section on associated polishing members .i

which Contact v vithA the reciprocatory-ber which is provided `vvith .a .nf` externally. 1,10

. a tapered lower end .lower end of the outer casing threaded portion 3 adapted to be screwed into the upper end et the outer casing 1 and an interiorly threaded portion 4 adapted to receive the threaded lower end of a tube 5. 'llhe coupling member 2 'is provided with an opening' which extends longitudinally therethrough, the purpose of which will be subsequently pointed out. Arranged at the 1 is a coupling member 6, said member having an externally threaded portion 7 which is screwed into the lower end of the outer casing 1 and an interiorly threaded portion 8 which receives the threaded end of a perforated member 9. The coupling member 6 is provided with an opening 10 formed longitudinally therethrough, said opening having screw threads 11 at its upper end. Screwed :into` the opening 10 is a standing valve 12 of the type usually employed in oil'pumps, said standine1 valve being provided with a pair of valve seats 13 and a pair of balls '14; which are adapted to lcooperate with said valve seats to regulate the flow of liquid through said standing valfve. The standing valve 12 is provided with a plurality of apertures 12 through which liquid may pass from the interior of said standing valve to the outside thereof. 'lhe standing valve 12 is preferably formed of a plurality of sections, as shown in Fig. 1V, and one of said sections is provided with a portion 15 having an elongated opening 16. lin use, when the balls 1d are drawn od of the to permit liquid to pass through the standing valve 12, the upward movement of the lowermost ball will be limited by the portion 15, and because of the elongated opening 16 in said portion, said liquid may pass around said ball when it is in Contact with said member 15. lt is apparent that if the opening 16 were circular instead of elon ated, the lowermost ball would close sai opening when it was drawn 4into contact with the member 15. v

Arranged within the outer casing 1 of our pump is a plunger 17, said plun er being provided with a passageway 18 ormed longitudinally therethrough from end to end thereof. The plunger 17 is provided with portion, as shown in Figs. I and Il, and said plunger is provided with external screw threads 19 at its upper end. Screwed to the reciprocatory plunger 17 at the upper end thereof is a valve cage 2O which is provided with a plurality of apertures 21 through which liquid may pass from the passageway 18 in the plunger to the outside thereof. Arranged within the valve cage 20 is a valve seat 22 and a ball "23 adapted to cooperate with said valve seat to control the flow of liquid'through said valve cage. Located on the VValve [cage 20 at the upper end thereof is a threaded eX- tension 24, said threaded extension being inrality of valve seats 13 assente tended to receive the lower threaded end of a slotted rod 25 which extends to a point above the ground. lln use the plunger 17 is reciprocated within the outer casing 1 and the tube 5,l there being suitable mechanism at 27 are inclined toward the centers of said rings, as shown in Fig. lill, for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth. interposed between the ring 26 and the ring 27 is a pluacking members 28; 'llhese packing mein ers may be formed of any compressible packing material of the type known as hydraulic packing and are preferably made in the form of split rings, as shown in Figs. Vil and Vlllll. The packing members are individually 4formed but are preferably connected together in pairs, and

the members 28 are preferably braided, as shown in Fig. VH1. interposed .between the grou s of packing members are polishing mem ers 29. rlhe polishing members 29 are in the form of complete rings which bear firmly against the reciprocatory plunger 17, as shown in Figs. l and l1.

Arranged below the packing chamber B is a pair of polishing members 30 and 31, the polishing member 31 being located adjacent to the lowermost position of the bottom of the plunger 17 and the polishing member 30 being located approximately midway bel tween said member 31 and the member 26. l

The polishing members 30 and 31, like the polishing members 29, are in the form of complete rings which bear against the inner face of the outer casing 1 and the outer face of the reciprocatory polishing members 30 an 31 and the member 26 are retained in fixed positions relative to the outer casing 1, and the mannerin which these members -are retained in their positions will now be described.

32 designates a liner or spacer which is interposed between the coupling member 6 and the olishing member 31. The liner 32 is in t e form of a tubev and is of such diameter that it fits closely within the outer casing 1, the lowermost end of/ said liner restingupon the coupling member 6 and lunger 17. The

the upper end thereof supporting the polishl liner 32 just described,

ishing member 30. A- third liner or spacerI 34 is interposed between the polishing member and the member- 26, said liner being a counterpart of the liners 32 and 33 and being adapted to rest upon the polishing member 30 and support the member 26. By this arrangement it is apparent that the member 26 and thev members 30 and 31 are held in fixed positions relative to the outer casing 1 of thepump for the reason that all of the parts mentioned, together with the 4liners 32, 33 and 34 are supported by the coupling member 6 and said coupling member is screwed into said outer casing 1. The polishing members 29, 30 and 31 i composition preferably containing lead, an-

timony and zinc. 'It has been found that 2'0 polishing members composedV of this comination of metals will very efficiently polish the reciprocatory 'plunger and prevent the formation thereon of any 'foreign matter which might tend to wear out the hydraulic members28 and 28. i

In the voperation of our improved ump the plunger 17 is reciprocated to force iquid to the surface of the ground. On each upward stroke of the plunger 17 suction will -be created within the outer casing`1 of the pump and below the packing chamber B, and this suction will cause the 4balls 14 of 'the standing valve 12 to be unseated, whereby liquid will be drawn into the pump'casi movement, consequently the introduction-of said plunger intothe liquid makes it necessary for some of said liquid to only outlet for the liquidis through the passageway 1 8 in the 'plunger 17. `The displaced liquidpasses upwardly7 through the passageway 18, unseats the bal 23 and passes through the apertures 21 in the valve cage.y

20 into the tube 5. The plunger 17 is-reciprocated very rapidly on each upward stroke thereof, a body of li uid is forced through the apertures 21 into t e tube 5, conse uentl eventually said tube 5 will be lille wit liquid and said liquid will pour from its upper end above the ound. f

By referring to igs. I and II, it will be noted thatthere is an annular space C.

between the inside face of the tube and the outside face of the plunger 17, and also that there is an annular space between 4the wall are formed of a composition of metals, saidl lplunger in a l By referring pass from` the pump casing. The balls 14 of the stand- .Y ing valveare seated assoon as the plunger starts to move downwardly, consequently the of the central aperture formed through the couplingmember-2 and the outside face of the plunger 1-7.- It will further be noted that 'there is a substantial space .E betweenthe lower face of the coupling member 2 and the member 27.l -When the liquid is' dis-` charged through apertures 21 in the valve cage 20 into the tube-5, said liquid will lill the spaces C, D and E. As has been stated, the tube 5 extends to the' surface of the ground, land because the spaces C, D and are 1n communication with the interior' of said tube 5 the weight of this high coll' umnof liquid \will be supported by the memf bers 26, 27, packing members 28 and 28 and'polishing membersv 29. The member 27, `as has been stated, is slidable relative `toy the outer casing 1 of the pump, consequently v the weight o f the column of liquid mentioned will compress the packingzmembers 28 and 28', thusl expanding said packing members and causing same to .be forced into rm contact with the reciprocatory plunger 17 ,i s0.

that*` they may act as lubricators'. `The packing members beforel being placd in the pump aresubjected to a treatment which involves the application of oil and graphite thereto. 'l

In certain parts of the United States much gypsum is encountered in pumping oil from the ground, and if steps are lnot taken to prevent it said psum will form'arough crust on the reciprocating plungers of the y' pumps, which crust will wear away the packing material by which said plunger is packed. We therefore employ the olishlng members 29, 30 andv31 which are ormed of material which will prevent the formation of thel crust mentioned and will keep the highly polished condition at all times.

the outsi e lface of said standing valve and the inside 4face ofthe liner 32. .The space vmentioned is a continuation of the sediment to Figar rana 1v awiu l be seen that the position of the standing valve 12 roducesan annular space betweeny pocket P whichextends Afrom the'top of the coupling member 6 to the fpolishing member. 31. The liquid which passes from the standing 4valve" 12 may contain a certain amount", ofsand or other gritty substances,and because said sand or other matter is comparar l i tively heavy it will sink to the bottom of 'said sediment pocketP. 'The reciprocatory plunger l17 is plunged into the sediment pocket P on eve `ddwnward stroke, conor other matter 1n said sediment pocket will .be agitated. 4By thu's agitating the matter within the sediment pocket, the sandr other ysequently the liquld together lwith the sandv` gritty substance is prevented from massing -4 and as said sand or otherv substance is: kept-ig 'rin suspension' by the' constant agitation of the liquid in the sedili/:ent pocket, said sand loose packing material heretofore used is this: ln theevent that it was necessary to withdraw the plunger from a pump in which loose packing material was employed it was .quite a task to replace said plunger for the reason that the loose packing would extend into the central'opening through said packing, and as a result when the plunger was inserted into the pump pieces of packing material would be cut off by the lower en d of the plunger and would flow into the pump.

The individual packing members employed in our pump are in the form of packing members which retain their shapes at all times. Consequently, when the plunger has been removed and it is .desired to replace the tapered lower end thereof said plunger,

through the central openings may be passed in said packing members without incon venience. v

We claim: y A pump havlng an outer casing, a plunger ciprocatory plunger,

mamas@ arranged within said outer casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, a check valve through which liquid is drawn by said remeans for packing said reciprocatory plunger, said means 'comprising a plurality of compressible members surrounding said reciprocatoryl plunger, a plurality of members associated vwith said compressible member, members surrounding said reciprocatory plun whic is capable of polishing said reciprocatory plunger, which said compressible members and said polishing members are interposed, and a plurality of polishing members surrounding said reciprocatory plunger at points below the compressible members and the associated polishing members, the last mentioned polishing members and the polishing members associated with said compressible mem' bers being adapted to prevent the adhesion of gypsum to said reciprocatory plunger.

ln testimony that we claim the foregoing we hereunto aix our signatures.

THOMAS D. CLEAGE. 1 WASHINGTON lS. SMllTH. JAMES R. MURRAY.

the last mentioned I er and being formed of a material` a pair of members between v 

